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目的调查宜昌市学龄前儿童弱视的患病率,为制定群体防治措施提供客观依据。方法对4-6岁15686名学龄前儿童用国际标准视力表检查视力,排除器质性疾病后,视力≤0.8和有斜视的患儿点1%阿托品眼药水,每日3次,3天后检影验光,3周后复查,矫正视力≤0.8者为弱视。结果3385名年龄4岁的儿童中弱视患病率5.35%,5882名年龄5岁的儿童中,弱视患病率4.28%,6149名年龄6岁的儿童中弱视患病率2.91%。各年龄组儿童弱视患病率的差异有高度统计学意义(x2=37.3101,P<0.01)。结论宜昌市4-6岁儿童弱视患病率与全国平均水平基本相符,调查中弱视首次检出率57.74%,因此应加强学龄前儿童弱视检查,力争在视觉发育敏感期发现弱视,及时治疗,建立良好的视功能。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of amblyopia in preschool children in Yichang City and provide an objective basis for formulating group prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 15686 pre-school children aged 4-6 years old were examined for visual acuity with an international standard chart. After excluding organic diseases, children with visual acuity ≤0.8 and strabismus were given 1% atropine eye drops 3 times daily and 3 days post-test Shadow test light, 3 weeks after the review, corrected visual acuity ≤ 0.8 were amblyopia. Results The prevalence of amblyopia in 3385 children aged 4 years old was 5.35%. Among 5882 children aged 5 years, the prevalence of amblyopia was 4.28%. The prevalence of amblyopia was 2.91% in 6149 children aged 6 years old. The difference of the prevalence of amblyopia in children of all age groups was highly statistically significant (x2 = 37.3101, P <0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of amblyopia in 4-6-year-old children in Yichang City basically accords with the national average level. The first detection rate of amblyopia in the survey is 57.74%. Therefore, the examination of amblyopia in preschool children should be strengthened in order to find amblyopia in the sensitive period of visual development, Establish a good visual function.