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黑龙江省东部柳树河盆地古近系八虎力组为一套含油页岩矿床的地层。目前,对其时代的认定还没有确切的古生物学依据,尚存在不同的看法,同时,关于成矿环境的探讨也较薄弱。通过对该套地层开展系统的孢粉学研究,由下向上划分了4个孢粉组合,分别是Quercoidites-Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites组合、Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites组合、Polypodiaceaesporites-Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites组合和Pinuspollenites-Polypodiaceaesporites组合。根据孢粉组合特征,详细讨论了孢粉组合的地质时代,指出八虎力组时代为中始新世至晚始新世。根据孢粉组合的组成情况推测,八虎力组沉积时为亚热带-暖温带温暖湿润气候下的山间盆地环境。在山地高处生长有针、阔叶混交林植被,在低洼处生长有湿地水生植物、蕨类和苔藓类,从而有利于油页岩的形成和保存。温度向上可能有所降低,但幅度并不大。
The Paleogene of the Bhujili Formation in the Liushuihe Basin, eastern Heilongjiang Province, is a set of strata of oil-bearing shale deposits. At present, there is not a clear paleontological basis for the determination of its age, and different opinions exist. At the same time, the discussion on the metallogenic environment is weak. Four systematic sporo-pollen assemblages were identified from the bottom up by the systematic palynological study of the set of formations, namely Quercoidites-Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites, Retitricolpites-Retitricolporites, Polypodiaceaesporites-Retitricolites-Retitricolporites and Pinuspollenites-Polypodiaceaesporites. According to the characteristics of sporopollen assemblages, the geologic age of sporopollen assemblages is discussed in detail, and the age of Erthurat Formation is from Eocene to late Eocene. According to the compositions of sporopollen assemblages, it is inferred that the Bhutu Formation deposited in the mountain basin environment in the warm and humid subtropical-warm temperate zone. Growth of needle-leaved and broad-leaved mixed forest vegetation at high altitudes in mountainous areas and the growth of wetland aquatic plants, ferns and moss in low-lying areas are conducive to the formation and preservation of oil shale. Temperature may be lower, but not large.