2001年陕西省开始实施的农村小学布局调整对于节约教育经费、优化教育资源等,确实起到了积极的作用,但一些潜在的问题也日益凸显出来,如许多孩子不能在家就餐。关于合校后学生是否在校就餐对学生成绩的影响,国内尚无实证研究。本文利用西北社会经济发展研究中心2006年对陕西6个县的调查数据,运用倍差分析法研究是否在校就餐对学生成绩的影响。研究表明这种变化对学生成绩有显著的正面影响。因此,在农村小学布局调整过程中,应该配套学生就餐方面的服务。 The adjustment of the layout of primary schools in rural areas started in Shaanxi Province in 2001 indeed played a positive role in saving education funds and optimizing educational resources. However, some potential problems have become increasingly prominent, such as many children can not eat at home. There is no empirical research on the impact of whether or not the students in the school have a meal on the performance of the students after the school. Based on the survey data of 6 counties in Shaanxi Province in 2006 by Northwest Socio-economic Development Research Center, this paper uses double-difference analysis to study whether the impact of school meal on student performance. Research shows that this change has a significant positive impact on student achievement. Therefore, in the rural primary school layout adjustment process, it should be supporting students dining services.