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目的利用现行最新评价标准评价贵阳市中小学生营养状况,便于更好地开展学生保健工作。方法 2010年9~11月按照中国肥胖工作组(WGOC)推荐的《中国儿童青少年超重、肥胖BMI筛查标准》及《6~18岁中国儿童青少年营养不良筛查标准》对贵阳市6 012名7~18岁汉族中小学生的现时营养状况进行分析。结果贵阳市中小学生总的营养不良率为19.03%,超重率为8.65%,肥胖率为4.61%。营养不良率男生高于女生(P<0.05),16~18岁学生显著高于7~12、13~15岁学生(P<0.01),城乡学生无明显差异。营养过剩率男生显著高于女生,城市学生显著高于乡村学生,小学生显著高于高中生(P<0.01),小学生与初中生无明显差异。结论贵阳市中小学生营养不良与营养过剩同时并存,应根据年龄、性别、城乡等特点进行营养干预。
Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Guiyang by using the current evaluation standards so as to better carry out student health care work. Methods From September to November 2010, according to the “Chinese Children and Adolescents BMI Screening Criteria for Overweight and Obesity” and “6-18-year-old screening standards for malnutrition among children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years” recommended by China Obesity Task Force (WGOC), 6 012 7 to 18-year-old Han primary and secondary school students to analyze the nutritional status. Results The total malnutrition rate of primary and secondary school students in Guiyang was 19.03%, the rate of overweight was 8.65% and the rate of obesity was 4.61%. Malnutrition rate was higher in boys than girls (P <0.05), students in 16-18 years old were significantly higher than those in students aged 7-12, 13-15 years old (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between urban and rural students. The prevalence of excess nutrition was significantly higher in boys than in girls, while that in urban students was significantly higher than that in rural students. The pupils were significantly higher than those in high school students (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between pupils and junior high school students. Conclusion Primary and secondary school students in Guiyang are suffering from malnutrition and overnutrition coexisting. Nutritional intervention should be based on the characteristics of age, sex, urban and rural areas.