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在平原地区,当地下水位过高时,在强烈的地面蒸发下,地下水及底土中的盐分通过土壤毛管作用向地表累积是引起灌区土壤次生盐渍化的根本原因。生产实践证实,防治土壤盐渍化首先必须根据生物气候特征、土壤性质(特别是其质地状况)和地下水矿化度因地制宜地把地下水控制在一定的深度,并根据作物的耐盐和需水规律因时制宜地加以调节。因此研究拟定能保证土壤不因灌溉而盐化或使已盐化的土壤处于不断稳定脱盐状况,而在弱矿水地区,并能有利于作物需水要求的地下水埋藏深度,不只是排水工程的基本指标,而且也是生产管理中的重要依据。
In the plain area, when the local water table is too high, under the intense evaporation of the ground, the groundwater and the salt in the subsoil accumulate to the surface through the capillary action of the soil, which is the root cause of the secondary salinization in the irrigation area. Production practice has proved that the prevention and treatment of soil salinization must first control groundwater to a certain depth according to the characteristics of biological climate, soil properties (especially its texture and groundwater salinity) and according to the salt tolerance and water demand of crops Adjust according to the time. Therefore, it is necessary to study and formulate the depth of groundwater burial that can ensure that soil does not become salinized by irrigation or that salinized soil is constantly desalinated, and that is conducive to crop water requirement in weak-mined areas, not only for drainage works Basic indicators, but also an important basis for production management.