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胰岛素是由β细胞生成与分泌的调节糖代谢的激素,是一种蛋白质,其调节血糖的机理大致如下: (1)加速葡萄糖的利用。①促进葡萄糖的酵解作用。胰岛素能促进葡萄糖通过细胞膜而进行糖酵解,在氧供应充沛的条件下,再经三羧酸循环氧化为二氧化碳和水,释放能量。②促进葡萄糖转变为糖原贮积于肌肉及肝脏,加速糖原的生成作用。葡萄糖在聚合成为糖原前,首先须经葡萄糖激酶催化为葡萄糖-6-磷酸再由葡萄糖-1-磷酸,经尿嘧啶核甙二磷酸葡萄
Insulin is a hormone that is produced and secreted by β cells and regulates glucose metabolism. It is a protein whose mechanism of regulating blood sugar is roughly as follows: (1) Accelerating the utilization of glucose. ① promote the role of glucose glycolysis. Insulin can promote glucose glycolysis through the cell membrane, in the oxygen supply is abundant, and then through the oxidation of tricarboxylic acid into carbon dioxide and water, the release of energy. ② promote glucose into glycogen storage in the muscle and liver, accelerate glycogen formation. Glucose in the polymerization before becoming glycogen, the first to be catalyzed by glucokinase glucose-6-phosphate and then from glucose-1-phosphate, uridine diphosphate grape