人的食管上1/3是由横纹肌、下1/3是由平滑肌组成,而中1/3则是上下两部分的过渡地带。食管穿过横膈之处为“食管裂孔”,膈食管膜把食管下端附着于膈肌上,防止在呼吸时食管上下移动过大,并保持贲门在膈以下固定的位置。食管通过裂孔后的走行是 One third of the human esophagus is striated, the lower 1/3 is composed of smooth muscle, and 1/3 is the transition zone between the upper and lower parts. Esophagus through the diaphragm at the “esophageal hiatus”, the diaphragm esophageal membrane attached to the diaphragm at the lower end of the diaphragm to prevent esophageal up and down in the respiratory movement is too large, and keep the cardia in the diaphragm below the fixed position. Esophageal after walking through the hole is