二十世纪就要过去,二十一世纪就要到来,在这世纪之交,回顾和展望一下史学研究的过去和未来,是必要的和有益的。大的规划,不敢设想,这里只提几点自己的小想法。一、重视理论,重视材料,两者之间,材料又是基础。五四时期起家的一批史学家,如胡适、傅斯年、顾颉刚等先生,重视材料。他们甚至提出“一分材料一分货,十分材料十分货,没有材料便不出货”。这话自然有道理。有材料才能出货,没有材料出什么货?但反过来看,也就会看出毛病。譬如说:同是《尚书》或《左传》里一句话、一段话,历代学人读起来。会各出各的货,甚或出完全不同的 The twentieth century will be over and the twenty-first century is just around the corner. At the turn of the century, it is necessary and beneficial to review and look forward to the past and future of the study of history. Big planning, can not imagine, just to mention a few of their own little ideas. First, attach importance to theory, attention to materials, between the two, the material is the foundation. A number of historians such as Hu Shih, Fu Si nian and Gu Jiegang, who started their studies in the May 4th Movement, attach great importance to materials. They even proposed that “a sub-material, a very material is very material, no material will not be shipped.” These words make sense. Materials can be shipped, there is no material out of what goods? But the other hand, it will see the problems. For example: the same is “Shang Shu” or “Zuo Zhuan” in a sentence, a passage, ancient scholars read it. Each will be out of stock, or even completely different