一九○○年八国联军侵入北京,西太后仓惶出逃,北京沦为外国侵略军的占领地,各国军队分别占据北京各个地区,各行其是。这时侵略军方面意识到需要有一位联军总司令统一指挥,最后协商同意由德国瓦德西(Waldersee)任联军统帅。瓦德西在华期间写了一本《拳乱笔记》,从一个侧面记载了八国联军在中国所犯的滔天罪行,从中也可以看出中南海遭受的浩劫。瓦德西来华选定“冬宫”即西苑作为 In 1910, the Allied Forces of the Eight-Powers invaded Beijing, and the Empress Dowager became panic-stricken. As Beijing became a territory occupied by foreign invading forces, the armed forces of various countries occupied each of the regions of Beijing and went its separate ways. At this time, the aggressor forces realized that they needed a unified commander-in-chief of the coalition forces and finally agreed to be commanded by any coalition forces of Germany’s Waldersee. During his stay in China, Wade wrote a “boxing note” that recorded on one side the monstrous crimes committed by the eight-nation coalition forces in China and from which they can also see the catastrophe suffered by Zhongnanhai. Wade Xi selected “Winter Palace” that is Xiyuan as