论文部分内容阅读
目的了解上海市岗前职业健康检查人群尿中持久性有毒重金属及微量元素铜的负荷水平。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法,抽取1 183名非职业暴露人员,对其岗前职业健康检查所得尿液中6种主要重金属水平进行分析。结果尿砷、铜、铅、锰、汞平均值分别为0.14μmol/L、0.07 mg/L、0.106μmol/L、0.011 mg/L、0.013μmol/L,均在现有参考值范围内。尿铬平均值为0.031 mg/L,高于现有参考值。尿铅水平P_(95)(0.177μmol/L)、尿锰水平P_(95)(0.012 mg/L)明显低于现有正常参考值。尿铬水平P_(95)(0.181 mg/L)明显高于现有正常参考值。尿砷、铬、铜、铅、锰、汞水平在各年龄组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。尿铬、铅、锰、汞水平在男女性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应重视铬在本地区人群的负荷水平。在职业健康检查或职业病诊断中采用各年龄段和性别间统一的尿铬、铅、锰、汞参考值是可行的;应进一步验证尿砷、尿铜在男女性别间的统计学差异。
Objective To understand the urinary levels of persistently toxic heavy metals and trace copper in Shanghai pre-job occupational health examination population. Methods A total of 1 183 non-occupational exposure workers were sampled by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to analyze the levels of 6 main heavy metals in urine collected from pre-job occupational health examination. Results The average values of arsenic, copper, lead, manganese and mercury in urine were 0.14μmol / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.106μmol / L, 0.011 mg / L and 0.013μmol / L, respectively. Urinary chromium average of 0.031 mg / L, higher than the existing reference value. Urine levels of P_ (95) (0.177μmol / L), urinary manganese levels of P_ (95) (0.012 mg / L) were significantly lower than the existing normal reference values. Urinary chromium level P_ (95) (0.181 mg / L) was significantly higher than the existing normal reference value. Urinary arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury levels in all age groups showed no significant difference (P> 0.05). Urinary chromium, lead, manganese, mercury levels were not statistically different between men and women (P> 0.05). Conclusion The emphasis should be placed on the level of chromium loading in the population in the region. Reference values of chromium, lead, manganese, and mercury in urine, lead, manganese and mercury in all occupational health examinations or occupational diseases are feasible. A statistical comparison of urinary arsenic and urinary copper between men and women should be further verified.