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公文是指党政机关,社会团体和企事业单位在公务活动中形成并固定使用的各种文书材料,即公务文书,公文同一般文艺作品相比,有自己的许多明显特点,认识并掌握这些特点,对做好公文处理工作和提高公文写作能力会大有益处。公文有以下几个方面的主要特点: 一、法定的权威性 党和国家制定的方针政策、措施、办法等,主要是运用公文来发布的,凡是在规定的职权范围内制发的公文,都是代表一级机关发言。公文中的命令(令),指令、指示、决定、决议、布告、通告、批复等下行公艾,是党和国家方针、政策、意图的具体体现,是代表政府机关行使职权,实施行政领导和指挥,它要求下属机关,单位和个人必须严格遵照执行。如果不贯彻执行,则有相应的纪委和行政措施来加以约束和保证,因而公文具有法定的权威性和行政的约束力。
Official documents refer to all kinds of documents and materials that are formed and fixed by party and government organs, social organizations and enterprises and institutions in their official activities, that is, official documents. Compared with the general literary and artistic works, official documents have many of their own distinct features and recognize and master these Characteristics, to do a good job official document processing and improve the ability of official document writing will be beneficial. Official documents have the following main features: First, the statutory authority of the party and the state to develop the principles and policies, measures, methods, etc., mainly through the use of official documents to publish, all issued within the provisions of the official documents, all Acting on behalf of a body. The downfall of public orders, orders, directives, decisions, resolutions, notices, circulars, and approvals in the official documents is a concrete manifestation of the party’s and the state’s guidelines, policies and intentions. It represents the government agencies on their behalf and exercises executive leadership and Command, which requires subordinate organs, units and individuals must strictly follow the implementation. If not implemented, there is a corresponding Commission for Discipline Inspection and administrative measures to be bound and guaranteed, so the official document has the statutory authority and administrative binding.