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长久以来,学者对于《论语·述而》篇的“子不语怪力乱神”并没有太多不同的意见,甚至一致认为那是孔子谨慎态度与理性精神的重要展现。随着学者研究态度以及思考模式的发展与转变,原本看似简洁扼要、语意明确的这一段话,不只在断句上起了变化,在说解上更是产生了诸多的差异。透过这七个字所呈现的孔子人格与处事态度,更是引起广泛的讨论。本文试从语言分析的角度,将“子不语怪力乱神”七个字分析成(一)子不语:怪、力、乱、神。(二)子不语:怪力、乱神。(三)子不语:怪、力、乱神。(四)子不语:怪、力,乱神。(五)子不语,怪力乱神。五种不同的断句方式与说解,并从典籍里有关孔子的言行与儒家思想的相关载记研议所得,认为传统说解:“子不语:怪、力、乱、神。”较为合理可信。
For a long time, scholars did not have many different opinions about the “son of God” in the Analects of Confucius, and even agreed that it was an important manifestation of Confucius’s cautious attitude and rational spirit. With the scholars’ research attitude and the development and change of the thinking mode, the passage which appears to be simple and concise with a clear meaning has not only changed in the sentence-breaking but also produced a lot of differences in the explanation. The personality and attitude of Confucius presented through these seven words is even more widely discussed. This article tries to analyze the seven words of “child without words and strange chaos ” into (1) child without language: strange, force, chaos, god from the angle of linguistic analysis. (B) sub-words: strange force, chaos God. (C) sub-words: strange, force, chaos God. (D) child is not language: strange, force, chaos God. (E) child is not language, strange force chaos God. Five different ways and explanation of sentence breaking, and from the books about the Confucian words and deeds and Confucianism related to the study contained in the discussion, that the traditional solution: “child does not language: strange, power, chaos, God. ” More reasonable and credible.