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甘薯机械化收获程度过低是阻碍中国甘薯产业健康发展的瓶颈,而农机农艺不配套则是导致无法很好地进行机械化收获的主要因素之一。笔者主要通过对5个薯形大小不同的甘薯品种进行机械化收获试验,分析了甘薯的薯形和大小对甘薯机械化收获的影响。结果表明:‘徐紫薯5号’的机械化收获破损率最小,因此该品种更适合田间机械化收获。同时,在调查参试品种的薯形、破损率和明薯率后,发现甘薯的薯形与其破损率具有极显著线性关系,扁率越大其破损率越大,反之则破损率越小,但对薯块明薯率没有显著影响。因此,在甘薯品种选育过程中,在考虑农艺性状的同时应当选择薯形扁率较小的品系。
Mechanization of sweet potato harvest is too low a hindrance to the healthy development of China’s sweet potato industry bottleneck, and agricultural agronomy is not enough to lead to the mechanized harvest can not be one of the major factors. The author mainly carried out mechanized harvest experiment on five sweet potato varieties with different sizes and analyzed the effect of sweet potato potato size and size on mechanized harvest of sweet potato. The results showed that the rate of mechanized harvest damage of ’Xuzishu 5’ was the smallest, so the variety was more suitable for field mechanized harvesting. At the same time, after investigating the potato shape, the damage rate and the sweet potato yield of the tested varieties, it was found that the potato shape of the sweet potato had a very significant linear relationship with the damage rate. The larger the flattening rate was, the larger the damage rate was, and the smaller the damage rate was. However, there was no significant effect on the potato yield. Therefore, in the sweet potato varieties breeding process, considering the agronomic traits should be selected at the same time potato flat rate smaller lines.