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尿路感染的病原菌以肠杆菌科细菌为主,其中大肠杆菌最为常见,约占50～80％,次为奇异变形杆菌和吲哚阳性变形杆菌,约占10％,克雷白氏菌占3～10％;此外尚有少数肠杆菌、沙雷氏菌、枸橼酸杆菌等。绿脓杆菌为医院内感染的常见菌,在尿路感染病原菌中可占2～5％。革兰氏阳性球菌也为尿路感染的致病菌,肠球菌占5～14％或更高的百分比,金葡菌和表皮葡萄球菌分别占1～2％和2～5％,腐生葡萄球菌常见于青年女性的急性尿路感染。真菌性尿路感染较少见,但有逐渐增多趋势,以白念珠菌为主。支原体和衣原体也可形成尿路感染。
The pathogen of urinary tract infection is Enterobacteriaceae, of which Escherichia coli is the most common, accounting for 50-80%, the second is Proteus mirabilis and Indole-positive Proteus, accounting for 10%, Klebsiella accounted for 3 ~ 10%; In addition there are a small number of Enterobacteriaceae, Serratia, Citrobacter and so on. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterial infection in the hospital, urinary tract infection in pathogens can account for 2 to 5%. Gram-positive cocci are also urinary tract infection pathogens, enterococci accounted for 5 to 14% or higher percentage, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis accounted for 1 to 2% and 2 to 5%, Staphylococcus saprophyticus Common in young women’s acute urinary tract infection. Fungal urinary tract infections are rare, but there is a gradual increase in the trend to Candida albicans. Mycoplasma and chlamydia can also form urinary tract infections.