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波兰矿井的开采深度正在逐年增加,现已有十几个矿井的开采深度超过1000m。特别是鲁布林矿区矿井深度多在1000m以上,新建设的卡亦采矿第一开采水平的深度为950m,第二水平(两个井筒)的深度分别为1143和1200m,矿井中岩石温度高达42℃。由于开采深度的不断增加,使得巷道支护也越来越困难,一般的支架往往因巷道压力过大,围岩变形严重而常常遭到破坏,近几年来,在困难条件下的深井巷道支护方面,波兰进行了大量试验研究工作,并取得了一些成功的经验,主要采取了下述一些综合支护措施,收到了较好的效果。
The mining depth of the Polish mines is increasing year by year. Now more than a dozen mines have a mining depth of more than 1000m. In particular, the mine depth in the Luburin mining area is more than 1000m, the depth of the first mining level of the newly-built Kajiya mining is 950m, the depths of the second level (two wellbores) are 1143 and 1200m respectively, and the rock temperature in the mine is as high as 42 ℃. Due to the continuous increase of mining depth, the roadway support is also getting more and more difficult. In general, the support bracket is usually under the pressure of the roadway and the deformation of the surrounding rock is serious and often destroyed. In recent years, As for Poland, a great deal of experimental research has been carried out and some successful experiences have been obtained. Some comprehensive support measures have been taken and received good results.