目的对黎平县一例人感染高致病性禽流感(H5N1)的调查进行分析,为制定禽流感防控措施提供依据。方法采用流行病学调查、临床检查、血清学检查和Real-time PCR法进行分析和诊断。结果黎平县发现一例H5N1确诊病例,经救治无效因多器官衰竭死亡。患者有明确的病、死禽接触史。采用隔离治疗、个人防护、医学观察、消毒等措施,疫情得到控制,未出现二代病例。结论黎平县一例H5N1病例属感染个案,感染来源可能与接触病、死家禽有关。需要加强人禽流感相关知识的技术培训和不明原因肺炎、不明原因死亡的主动搜索监测,以及与农、林、工商、运输等部门的信息联系才能防止疫情再次发生。 Objective To analyze a case of human highly pathogenic H5N1 infection in Liping County and provide evidence for the development of bird flu prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological investigation, clinical examination, serological examination and Real-time PCR were used to analyze and diagnose. Results Liping County found a case of H5N1 confirmed cases, after treatment ineffective death due to multiple organ failure. Patients have a clear disease, dead bird exposure history. Using isolation treatment, personal protection, medical observation, disinfection and other measures, the outbreak was controlled and the second generation cases did not appear. Conclusion A case of H5N1 infection in Liping County belongs to the infected group. The source of infection may be related to contact with sick and dead poultry. Technical training for strengthening knowledge about human bird flu and the active search and monitoring of unexplained pneumonia and unexplained death, as well as information links with the agriculture, forestry, industry and commerce departments and transport departments, can prevent the recurrence of the outbreak.