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首先从衡量赤字——国债规模的主要指标来看:1.赤字率,即财政赤字占 GDP 的比重。《马约》规定的欧洲经济与货币联盟入围国家的财政赤字占 GDP 比重的趋同标准为3%,我们可以大体以此为参照来衡量我国的赤字率状况。1997年之前我国与《马约》同口径的赤字率都未超过1%,1998年为2%,1999年为2.8%,估计今年也不会超过3%的上限。2.债务负担率,印国债余额占 GDP 的比重。这一指标广泛用于西方经济发达国家和绝大多数发展中国家,因此具有国际间的可比性。此指标国际公认的警戒线是45%—60%。1998年之前,我国的债
First of all, from the measure of deficit - the scale of national debt, the main indicators: 1. The deficit rate, that the fiscal deficit as a share of GDP. The standard of convergence of the budget deficit of the European Economic and Monetary Union which is nominated by the “Treaty of Moyo” in the country of GDP as a percentage of GDP is 3%. We can generally measure the situation of the deficit rate in our country by using this as a reference. Before 1997, the deficit ratio of our country with the “Mayo” did not exceed 1%. In 1998, it was 2%. In 1999, it was 2.8%. It is estimated that this year will not exceed the ceiling of 3%. 2. Debt burden ratio, the balance of Indian government bonds as a share of GDP. This indicator is widely used in the western economically developed countries and the vast majority of developing countries and therefore has international comparability. This indicator internationally recognized warning line is 45% -60%. Before 1998, China’s debt