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在坚硬顶板条件下大倾角综采工作面的沿空留巷,矿压显现剧烈、巷道断面大、顶板跨度大、煤壁破碎、矸石下行冲击大,给留巷工作造成较大困难。通过理论分析、相似模拟及现场实测研究,探究了大倾角煤层巷道围岩运动规律及力学特性,提出针对大倾角中厚煤层坚硬顶底板综采开采条件下的柔性护巷支护系统方案,并进行了现场工业性实验。结果表明:下帮煤壁采用封闭式支护方式,能够减少留巷期间煤壁的破坏,充分发挥煤壁支撑能力;顶板的载荷转移支护方式,能够有效降低巷内采动压力;采空区内采用挡矸支护,能够有效抵挡矸石冲击力,且采用该方式在巷旁形成矸石堆积体能够形成较大的约束阻力。通过柔性护巷支护技术,获得了较好的围岩控制效果,为大倾角煤层沿空留巷工艺选项设计提供了依据。
Under the conditions of hard roof, the gob-side entry retained for roadway with deep inclined fully mechanized coal mining face, the rock burst appears violently, the roadway section is big, the span of roof is big, the coal wall is broken and the downstream impact of gangue is large. Through theoretical analysis, similar simulation and on-the-spot measurement research, the law of surrounding rock movement and mechanical characteristics of coal roadway in deep inclined seam are explored, and the scheme of flexible retaining roadway supporting system under the conditions of fully mechanized top and bottom coal mining with large dip angle is put forward. Conducted on-site industrial experiments. The results show that the use of closed support for the lower coal wall can reduce the damage of the coal wall during the roadway stay and give full play to the coal wall support capacity. The roof load transfer support method can effectively reduce the mining pressure in the lane. The use of rock bracing support in the area can effectively resist the impact of gangue, and the use of the way to form a gangue pile at the side of the lane can form a larger restraining resistance. Through the technology of flexible roadway protection, better surrounding rock control effect is obtained, which provides the basis for the design of the technological options for gob-side entry retaining technology in high inclined seam.