本文认为,80年代,中国经济发展出现了高经济增长与高通货膨胀并存局面。经过治理整顿,上述矛盾虽然有所缓解,但形成问题的原因并未完全消除,这包括政策、体制性因素,也包括中国经济发展的内在压力。因此,近中期中国的改革和发展仍然面临着通货膨胀的困挠。在这种情况下,90年代国家宏观经济调控应该采取积极有效的措施,包括:坚持反通货膨胀的政策方针,在指导思想上变被动治理为主动防治,变急于求成为在追求效益、比例协调和适合市场需要的基础上力争国民经济的高速增长;摒弃粗放外廷型的经济发展道路,建立内涵、集约效益型的国民经济体系;以自觉调控经济增长速度为中心,选择合理的数量调控界限;调整个人收入分配政策,扭转国民收入分配向个人过度倾斜的问题;坚持财政收支基本平衡的方针。在“八五”及90年代,需要逐步建立有弹性的税制结构,调整和理顺国家和企业、中央和地方的分配关系,下决心实行有效的紧缩政策,并要加强财政政策与货币政策的协调,这是防治通货膨胀的重要一环。 This paper argues that in the 1980s, China’s economy witnessed the coexistence of high economic growth and high inflation. After the rectification, the above contradictions have eased, but the reasons for the formation have not been completely eliminated. These include policies and institutional factors as well as the inherent pressure of China’s economic development. Therefore, in the near and medium term, China’s reform and development are still facing the difficulties of inflation. Under such circumstances, the macroeconomic regulation and control of the country in the 1990s should take positive and effective measures, including: adhering to the policy guideline of anti-inflation, making active changes in guiding ideology as the active prevention and control, becoming more and more anxious to seek for benefits and proportionally coordinating And to adapt to the needs of the market and strive for the rapid growth of the national economy; abandon the extensive economic development path and establish an integrative and intensive efficiency-oriented national economy; take the initiative to control economic growth as the center, and select a reasonable quantitative control limit ; Adjust personal income distribution policies to reverse the problem of over-inclination of national income distribution to individuals; and adhere to the principle of basically balancing fiscal revenues and expenditures. In the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” and the 1990s, we need to gradually establish a flexible tax structure to adjust and rationalize the distribution relations between the state and enterprises, the central government and the local governments, and make determination to implement an effective austerity policy and strengthen the fiscal policy and currency Policy coordination, which is an important part of prevention and control of inflation.