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为了研究塔里木河下游实施生态输水工程以来,地下水位的动态变化及空间分布状况,以大西海子水库为起点,沿塔里木河下游输水河道布设英苏、喀尔达依、阿拉干、依干不及麻、库尔干5个生态监测断面共29个遥测站(井),定期采集数据。结果表明:从2001~2011年,塔河下游年平均地下水位趋势系数为0.039,呈现明显上升趋势;2011年,库尔干断面以下地段地下水位在-2~-6m,基本能够满足主要建群植被胡杨和柽柳恢复的要求;历次输水量与各遥测井输水后出现的最高地下水位平均值呈现较为显著的正相关(R2=0.748)。本研究结果可为塔里木河下游实施生态输水工程过程中调整合理输水量、适宜的输水时段,以及采取生态治理植被保护和恢复措施,提供可供参考的理论依据。
In order to study the dynamic changes and spatial distribution of groundwater level since the implementation of ecological water conveyance project in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, starting from the Daxihaizi Reservoir, we set up the Yingsu, Kardaiyi and Alagan rivers along the lower reaches of the Tarim River. Less than hemp, Kurgan 5 ecological monitoring section of a total of 29 telemetry stations (wells), regular data collection. The results show that from 2001 to 2011, the trend coefficient of annual average groundwater level in the lower reaches of the Tarim River is 0.039, showing a clear upward trend. In 2011, the groundwater table below the Kurgan section is between -2 and -6 m, basically meeting the major formation Vegetation Populus euphratica and Tamarix L. Restoration requirements; Previous water diversion volume and the telemetry wells after the highest groundwater level showed an average of more significant positive correlation (R2 = 0.748). The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable adjustment of water conveyance, suitable water conveyance period and ecological protection of vegetation during the implementation of ecological water conveyance project in the lower reaches of Tarim River.