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Unimpeded trade is one of the crucial parts of―The Belt and Road‖initiative, and current China-Russian economic and trade cooperation, locations, economic strength and bilateral strategic partnership already developed on the good level, but of course there are also problems in trade relations between the two countries, also known as trade barriers, which will be the basis of this work. Trade barriers mainly refer to artificially set restrictions on the exchange of goods and services between countries, that is, various restrictions imposed by a country on the import of foreign goods and services. The"Gray customs clearance"phenomenon is exist in China-Russian trade for over the past three decades and have become more important trade channel than official (white) trading, because of higher profit for importers. But this kind of non-tariff measures (NTM) or barriers, makes a negative impact on Russia-China economic relations and is, therefore, considered as a trade barrier for bilateral economic relations between Russia and China.
This paper used the combination of qualitative and quantitative research and empirical research methods. Basing on the trade gravity model use the Difference in Difference estimations method and combined with the needs of the research purposes and the availability of data. This study shows that the weakening of Russias"gray customs clearance"barriers has significantly promoted Chinas export volume and value of Russian footwear. The empirical results show that since Russia imposed strict controls and implementation of new customs policy on gray customs clearance phenomenon in 2004, China‘s exports to Russia have experienced long-term growth, and its export have increased by an average of 72.2% in volume and 66.8% in quantity. As the gray customs clearance phenomenon is controlled, the cost of China-Russian trade is reducing, trade behavior is regulating, trade friction and trade barriers between China and Russia also reduces, what is promotes the rapid development of bilateral trade. The above conclusions have important policy implications for China and Russia. Russian customs must overcome its incompatibility of the supervision mechanism and the low treatment of its officers, corruption in law enforcement and keep improve its customs legislation, measures and tax rates. Chinese importers should avoid gray clearance and choose a formal customs broker and invest in Russia and produce locally and sell locally.
This paper used the combination of qualitative and quantitative research and empirical research methods. Basing on the trade gravity model use the Difference in Difference estimations method and combined with the needs of the research purposes and the availability of data. This study shows that the weakening of Russias"gray customs clearance"barriers has significantly promoted Chinas export volume and value of Russian footwear. The empirical results show that since Russia imposed strict controls and implementation of new customs policy on gray customs clearance phenomenon in 2004, China‘s exports to Russia have experienced long-term growth, and its export have increased by an average of 72.2% in volume and 66.8% in quantity. As the gray customs clearance phenomenon is controlled, the cost of China-Russian trade is reducing, trade behavior is regulating, trade friction and trade barriers between China and Russia also reduces, what is promotes the rapid development of bilateral trade. The above conclusions have important policy implications for China and Russia. Russian customs must overcome its incompatibility of the supervision mechanism and the low treatment of its officers, corruption in law enforcement and keep improve its customs legislation, measures and tax rates. Chinese importers should avoid gray clearance and choose a formal customs broker and invest in Russia and produce locally and sell locally.