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叶蝇科Milichiidae是双翅目(Diptera)短角亚目(Brachycera)无瓣类(Acalyptrata)中种类较少的类群之一,全世界已知3亚科20属453种,广泛分布于世界各大动物地理区。叶蝇幼虫多为腐食性,能够取食腐殖质和藻类等,成虫一般在落叶、枯草、腐木或鸟巢附近活动,主要营腐食性和菌食性生活,在维持生态平衡方面起到了重要的作用；叶蝇科部分属成虫具有访花习性,对植物传粉有着重要的作用。我国叶蝇科昆虫区系十分丰富,但之前叶蝇科的少量记录全部由外国学者完成。本论文介绍了世界和中国叶蝇科昆虫的研究概况,并介绍了叶蝇科昆虫的生物学、生态学,详实记述了中国叶蝇科的已知属种,对叶蝇科在世界和中国的地理分布状况进行了初步分析,结果表明叶蝇科3亚科均为世界性分布。属级阶元中,单区分布型包括的属最多,分布于新热带界的最多,其次为分布于东洋界的属。种级阶元以新热带界和东洋界的种类较为丰富,其它各区系的种类数量的多少依次为非洲界、古北界、新北界和澳洲界。我国的地理分布统计表明,属级和种级阶元在东洋界的丰富度明显高于古北界,以华南区种类最为丰富,东北区种类最少。根据已有标本和文献,对我国叶蝇科现有种类进行了分类记述,共记述了我国3亚科11属113种,其中包括1中国新记录属,80新种和14中国新记录种。新记录属：Stomsis;新种：新月纹额叶蝇Desmometopa lunaris sp. nov.,眼斑纹额叶蝇Desmometopa maculosusa sp. nov.,暗黑纹额叶蝇Desmometopapiceusa sp. nov.,新疆细叶蝇Letometopa xinjiangensis sp. nov.,长白山新叶蝇Neophyllomyza changbaishanensis sp. nov.,黄颊新叶蝇Neophyllomyza flavescensis sp. nov.,李氏新叶蝇Neophyllomyza lii Xi et Yang,2014,黄须新叶蝇Neophyllomyza luteipalpis Xi et Yang,2014,墨脱新叶蝇Neophyllomyza motuoensis sp. nov.,斜脉新叶蝇Neophyllomyza obliquusa sp. nov.,钝角新叶蝇Neophyllomyza obtusus sp. nov.,西藏新叶蝇Neophyllomyza tibetensis Xi et Yang,2014,多毛并脉叶蝇Paramyia ciliosusa sp. nov.,广西并脉叶蝇Paramyia ciliosusa sp. nov.,宽颊并脉叶蝇Paramyia latusa sp. nov.,怒江并脉叶蝇Paramyia nujiangensis sp. nov.,窄颊真叶蝇Phyllomyza angustigenis Xi et Yang,2013,强鬃真叶蝇Phyllomyza acrostichalis sp. nov.,金黄真叶蝇Phyllomyza aureolusa sp. nov.,兔耳真叶蝇Phyllomyza auriculatusa sp. nov.,保山真叶蝇Phyllomyza baoshanensis sp. nov.,宽基真叶蝇Phyllomyza basilatusa sp. nov.,短须真叶蝇Phyllomyza brevipalpis sp. nov.,短喙真叶蝇Phyllomyza breviproboscis sp. nov.,球茎真叶蝇Phyllomyza bulbiformisa sp. nov.,圆目真叶蝇Phyllomyza circularis sp. nov.,棒须真叶蝇Phyllomyza clavellata Xi et Yang,2013,隆端真叶蝇Phyllomyza convexusa sp. nov.,牛角真叶蝇Phyllomyza cornis sp. nov.,具毛真叶蝇Phyllomyza crinitusa sp. nov.,尖髭真叶蝇phyllomyza cuspigera Xi et Yang,2013,大理真叶蝇Phyllomyza daliensis sp. nov.,二尖真叶蝇Phyllomyza dicrana Xi et Yang,2015,镰须真叶蝇Phyllomyza drepanipalpis Xi et Yang,2015,椭圆真叶蝇Phyllomyza elliptica sp. nov.,峨眉山真叶蝇Phyllomyza emeishanensis Xi et Yang,2015,等脉真叶蝇Phyllomyza equivenis sp. nov.,直须真叶蝇Phyllomyza euthyipalpis Xi e*Yang,2013,黄足真叶蝇Phyllomyza flavipes sp. nov.,黑芒真叶蝇Phyllomyza furviaristatum sp. nov.,棕黑真叶蝇Phyllomyza fuscusa sp. nov.,瘤突真叶蝇Phyllomyza gangliigormisa sp. nov.,甘肃真叶蝇Phyllomyza gansuensis sp. nov.,绚丽真叶蝇Phyllomyza gloriosa sp. nov.,舌形真叶蝇Phyllomyza glossophyllusa sp. nov.,广西真叶蝇Phyllomyza guangxienis sp. nov.,强须真叶蝇Phyllomyza hadra sp. nov.,白棒真叶蝇Phyllomyza lactea sp. nov.,宽须真叶蝇Phyllomyza latusipalpis sp. nov.,宽颊真叶蝇Phyllomyza latustigenis Xi et Yang,2015,亮真叶蝇Phyllomyza laUXania sp. nov.,柳须真叶蝇Phyllomyza letophyllusa sp. nov.,李氏真叶蝇Phyllomyza lii sp. nov.,长芒真叶蝇Phyllomyza longiaristatum sp. nov.,长毛真叶蝇Phyllomyza longiseta sp. nov.,黑腹真叶蝇Phyllomyza melanogastera sp. nov.,茂兰真叶蝇Phyllomyza maolanensis sp. nov.,墨脱真叶蝇Phyllomyza motuoensis sp. nov.,多鬃真叶蝇Phyllomyza multijubatusa sp. nov.,黑缘真叶蝇Phyllomyza nigrimarginata sp. nov.,扁球须真叶蝇Phyllomyza oblatusa sp. nov.,钝端真叶蝇Phyllomyza obtusatusa sp. nov.,黑眶真叶蝇Phyllomyza orbita sp. nov.,黑三角真叶蝇Phyllomyza piceusa sp. nov.,扁须真叶蝇Phyllomyza planipalpis Xi et Yang,2015,平齐真叶蝇Phyllomyza planta sp. nov.,长突真叶蝇Phyllomyza prolongatusa sp. nov.,弯须真叶蝇Phyllomyza pronusipalpis sp. nov.,瑞丽真叶蝇Phyllomyza ruiliensis sp. nov.,中华真叶蝇Phyllomyza sinensis Xi et Yang,2015,单鬃真叶蝇Phyllomyza singularisa sp. nov.,条斑真叶蝇Phyllomyza striolatum sp. nov.,直角真叶蝇Phyllomyza vertiealis sp. nov.,王氏真叶蝇Phyllomyza wangae sp. nov.,卧龙真叶蝇Phyllomyza wolongensis sp. nov.,西藏真叶蝇Phyllomyza tibetensis Xi et Yang,2015,丫口真叶蝇Phyllomyza yakouensis sp. nov.,盈江真叶蝇Phyllomyza yingjiangensis sp. nov.,云南真叶蝇Phyllomyza yunnanensis sp. nov.;绿春膨端叶蝇Stomsis lvchunensis sp. nov.,中国新记录种：黄腹芒叶蝇Aldrichiomyza flaviventris Iwasa,1997,塞氏纹额叶蝇Desmometopa sabroskyi Brake,2003,变须纹额叶蝇Desmometopa varipalpis Malloch,1927,弓凹痕叶蝇Milichilla arcuata (Loew,1876),舌形新叶蝇Neophyllomyza acyglossa (Villeneuve,1920),斜缘新叶蝇Neophyllomyza leanderi (Hendel,1924),边颊并脉叶蝇Paramyia latigena Papp,2001,长喙并脉叶蝇Paramyia longilingua Papp,2001,颚须并脉叶蝇Paramyia palpalis Papp,2001,褐真叶蝇Phyllomyza donisthorpei Schmitz,1923,等长真叶蝇Phyllomyza equitans (Hendel,1919),日本真叶蝇Phyllomyza japonica Iwasa,2003,红角真叶蝇Phyllomyza rubricornis Schmitz,1923,四角真叶蝇Phyllomyza tetragona Hendel,1924,对其中103种进行了详细的描述及雄外生殖器的绘图,编写了分属及种的检索表,整理完成了世界叶蝇科属种名录。