National essential medicine system is a core of state medicine policy. It is thekey link of constructing the state medicine system to select the essential medicinesand chemical reagents in China. With the development of industrialization andpollution of surroundings in China, the incidence of various eye diseases presents anascending trend. Research showed that 20％ blindness derived from infecious oculardiseases. Therefore, the choose of anti-infecious drugs in ophthalmology is animportant task. Present study was to compare the difference in eye drugs among the (allocation part for primary health care organizations)(2009 version) and Exposure Draft, and and fiuther offer thescientifical basis for the modification of list of state essential eye drugs. In additional,the information about application of anti-infectious eye drugs from provincial levelhosipital, municipal level hospitals and county level hospital was reviewedretropectively, and some literature about application of eye drugs and adversereaction to anti-infectous eye drugs from domestic periodicals in X989 to 2009 weresearched for the statistical analysis. A little of differences in types and numbers in eye medicines were foundbetween and from were as follows:chloromycetin, erythromycin, levofloxacin instead of gentamycin and tetracycline;cortisone instead of prednisolone, without adrenaline and lack diagnostic drugs. Allof the eye medicines in (2009 version) wereincluded in the A class drugs of medical insurance list except for levofloxacin eyedrops. The National Essential Medicine List should be more reasonably selected andupdated base on the principals of WHO Essential Medicine List. In this study, the drug name, specifications, dosage form, unit price, dosage andsales amount were copmared and calculated among a privincial hospital, a municipaleye hospitals and a county hospital. The results indicated that the recruit oferythromycin eye ointment, levofloxacin eye drops and acyclovir eye drops was inthe selecting principals of National Essential Medicine List. We recommend toeliminate chloromycetin eye drops and add tobramycin in National Essential Medicine List. Key Words:Essential medicines;Essential medicines list;Essential insurance medicines list;Rational use of medicines;Selection;Ophthalmic drugs