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Background: For stage Ⅲ/N2 NSCLC neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NCT)followed by radical surgery is one standard treatment approach.In our previous trial,this strategy led to a median survival of 33 months(Betticher et al.JCO 2003).We now investigated whether the addition of preoperative radiotherapy(RT)would improve outcome.We report the results of a planned interim analysis on data of the first 219 patients(pts).The trial was closed to accrual in December 2012 due to futility after enrollment of 232 of 240 planned pts.Methods: Pts with pathologically proven,resectable stage ⅢA/N2 NSCLC,performance status 0-1,adequate heart,kidney,liver and bone marrow function were randomized 1:1 to receive 3 cycles of NCT(cisplatin 100 mg/m2 and docetaxel 85 mg/m2 d1,q3weeks)followed by accelerated concomitant boost RT(44 Gy/22 fractions in 3 weeks)or NCT alone,with subsequent surgery for all pts.The primary endpoint was event-free survival(EFS).Results: 23 centers included 219 pts.Median age was 60 years.Pts characteristics were well balanced.Toxicity to CT was substantial,but 91%completed 3 cycles of NCT.RT-induced grade 3 esophagitis was seen in 5 pts,grade 3 skin toxicity in 2 pts.One pt in each treatment arm died during NCT,there was one postoperative death(arm NCT alone).The efficacy results are summarized below,all comparisons are statistically non-significant.Conclusions: This is the first completed phase Ⅲ trial to investigate the value of the addition of neoadjuvant radiotherapy to CT and surgery.RT did not improve EFS or survival,nor did it reduce the local failure rate.Nevertheless,the overall survival rates of our neoadjuvant chemotherapy strategy confirm our previous report,and are among the best results reported to date in a multicenter setting.