Due to the shortcomings of traditional crossbreeding approach for improving sugarcane productivity,the international sugarcane industry tends to use transgenic technology for the breakthrough to the further improvement of sugarcane varieties.However,the cultivation of genetically modified (GM) sugarcane in large scale for commercialization has not been carried out in any coumtries.Thus,it is essential to assess whether GM sugarcane possesses the opportunity to be commercially released in China and how much economic benefits can GM sugarcane bring about.