Due to large theoretical energy density, silicon becomes one of the promising candidate anode materials in lithium ion battery (LIB).However, huge volume changes of silicon in charging and discharging process hinders its application.Using nanostructured material for electrode will effectively circumvented the fragmentation.We investigate the influences of surface tension on the stress distribution in the bulk, surface curvature and ions diffusion on the elastic properties of nanostructures.In the electro-chemical diffusion process, the surface tension, ions diffusion and stress distribution are coupled.Here, considering the curvature effect, a surface elastic model coupled with the ions diffusion is proposed.In the model, coupling between the stress and ions diffusion is revealed through the chemical potential variation.A Tolman length for solid is introduced to reveal the curvature effect on the surface energy.As a typical application of the model, we depict the stresses in hollow nanosphere (HNS) and nanotube induced by lithium ions diffusion.Self-buckling induced by surface stresses of the two nanostructures is also taken into consideration.Critical buckling sizes are analyzed.All results show that HNS will be a more suitable structure for electrode.Finally, a new dimensionless number κ related to Youngs modulus, Tolman length and surface energy is proposed to estimate the relative importance of the Tolman length with the intrinsic material length.It is believed that the diffusion and curvature dependent surface elastic model will be a powerful tool to investigate the diffusion behaviors in nanostructured electrode.