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In this talk I will discus the relationship between vortex dynamics and properties of polynomials with roots at the vortex positions.Classical polynomials such as the Hermite and Laguerre polynomials have roots which describe vortex equilibria.Stationary vortex configurations with vortices of the same strength and positive or negative configurations are located at the roots of the Adler-Moser polynomials, which are associated with rational solutions of the Kortweg-de Vries equation.Aref [1] remarks that the relationship between vortex dynamics and the KdV equation is "quite unexpected and very beautiful".