Recent advances of nanoferroelectric materials have offered an imperative need for in-situ investigating local structures and their corresponding multi-physical properties.High resolution atomic force microscope provides a platform for developing nanoscale technique.Here we will present a new microscopy for nanoferroelectrics,scanning piezo-thermal microscopy(SPThM),which was recently developed based the commercial atomic force microscope.The working principle and its applications to characterizing local electromechanical and thermal response of nanoscale ferroelectric domains will be presented in details.The underlying mechanism for ultrahigh piezoresponse in [720]-cut BaTiO3 and its interesting local thermal behavior will be firstly demonstrated,revealing the importance of the strain engineering in tailoring physical properties of ferroelectric materials.