Parity-violating quantum kinetic theory in (2+1) dimensions

来源 :SFPUP 2014 International Workshop on Strong Field Physics an | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:xinwang01
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  Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the fundamental theory for strong interaction,one of the four forces in nature.QCD has the property of asymptotic freedom at large momentum transfer, while remains strongly coupled at low energies.This property leads to color confinement, i.e.there are no free quarks and gluons carrying color degree of freedom,and quarks and gluons are confined inside hadrons.In 1974-75, Lee and Collins-Perry suggested that the deconfinement can be reached through the ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions, where the vacuum can be excited to a new state of matter, named as Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP).Besides in the initial stage of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions, QGP can also be found in the early universe and at the center of compact stars.Two of these exhibit large magnetic fields: firstly, in non-central relativistic heavy-ion collisions the magnetic field perpendicular to the collision plane can be as high as 10^{18}G, and secondly, in certain compact stars called magnetars the surface magnetic field is of the order of l 0^{15}G, and in the interior the magnitude of the magnetic field might reach l0^{18}G.The magnetic field might have a significant influence on properties governed by the strong interaction.The one is Magnetic Catalysis of chiral symmetry breaking, which affect the phase diagram of QCD matter in a magnetic field.The second is anomaly-induced transport phenomena including the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME), Chiral Separation Effect (CSE), Chiral Vortical Effect (CVE).On one side, these anomaly-induced transport phenomena have been observed by the STAR and PHENIX experiments at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and by the ALICE experiment at the Large Hardron Collider (LHC).On the other side, these effects and related topics have been investigated within a variety of approaches, such as AdS/CFT corresponence,relativistic hydrodynamics, lattice calculations, quantum field theory.Quantum kinetic theory can also be used to derive these anomaly-induced transport phenomena, making the microscopic anomaly appearing as macroscopic effect.As a generalization, we study the kinetic theory for a (2+ l)-dimensional fermionic system with special emphasis on the parity violating properties associated with the fermion mass.Different from (3+1) dimensions, the mass term in the Dirac equation in (2+1) dimensions explicitly breaks the parity.Actually, even in the massless case, parity is conserved classically but broken quantum mechanically (parity anomaly).In this work, the Wigner function approach is used to derive hydrodynamical transport coefficients to the first spatial derivative order.As a first attempt, the collisions between fermions are neglected The resulting system is dissipationless.The parity violating Hall electric conductivity has the same temperature and chemical potential dependence as the quantum field theory result at one loop.Vorticity dependent transport properties, which were not considered before, also emerge naturally in this approach.
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