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Background Studies showed that the frequency of typhoon events as well as areas affected by typhoon in Guangdong Province, China were in an increasing tendency.Previous studies mainly focused on the associations between typhoons and injuries, deaths and chronic diseases.This study aimed to quantify the impacts of typhoon Koppu on infectious diarrhea in Guangdong in 2009.Method Daily meteorological data and daily infectious diarrhea data from August to September in 2009 were collected from the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System and the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System respectively.Rate ratios (RRs) were calculated by comparing numbers of infectious diarrhea cases during the typhoon period (13 to 16 September, 2009) and reference periods (30-31 August and 29-30 September).Results RR (95%CI) of dysentery, para/typhoid fever and other infectious diarrhea increased to a maximum of 1.44 (1.08-1.92) , 2.13 (1.16-3.94) and 1.15 (1.05-1.26) on the 5, 6 and 5 lag days respectively.Vulnerable populations of dysentery and para/typhoid were men who aged older than 16 years,but 0-15 years old men were that of other infectious diarrhea.Increased numbers of cases of dysentery and para/typhoid fever were occurred in cities located on the way of typhoon path and regions which were not announced as disaster regions.Conclusions In general, significant increases of infectious diarrhea occurred in cities on the way of typhoon path.Ttyphoon disaster regions may be inconsistent with high morbidity areas of infectious diarrhea.Therefore,corresponding prevention and control measures should be developed for different infectious diarrhea.