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Petiole and stem segments from in vitro grown Asakura-sanshoo shoots were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefacien strain EHA105 carrying the vector pBin-Ex-Hipt which contained the cytokinin biosynthetic gene encoding isopentenyl transferase (ipt) gene,kanamycin resistance (nptII) gene and β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene were under the control of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S (CaMV35S) promoter.Successful transformed plants were confirmed by histochemical GUS assays,PCR analysis,Southern blotting and RT-PCR analysis.The expression of ipt gene enhanced the shoot regeneration,reduced the root formation and altered the tree architecture of transgenic Asakura-sanshoo.Compared with the non-transgenic wild-type (WT) lines,P35S-ipt transgenic lines exhibited dwarfed,smaller leaves,lateral branch increased and rooting restrained.Endogenous cytokinins (Z and ZR) levels in the leaves of the transgenic Asakura-sanshoo was elevated 2.18 to 16.10 fold than that of wild-type plants,while endogenous auxin (IAA) levels was decrease to 5.39-7.91% of that of wild-type plants.The elevated cytokinin levels in transgenic Asakura-sanshoo leaves resulted in increased chlorophyll content and delayed leaf senescence.The ipt gene expression altered the essential oil compositions of transgenic lines.The monoterpenoid components were increased and the methyl cinnamate was decreased in transgenic lines,and the content of d-nerolidol was increased significantly.