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Background: The Traditional Chinese Medicineconstitution (TCMC) is an inherent trait of the human body.Every person has their own constitution, which is different from those of other people.This difference makes a person with anunbalanced constitutionmore susceptible to pathogenic factors or diseases compared withsomeone with a balanced constitution.Suboptimal health status (SHS) is an intermediate state between health and disease, which can be characterized by disturbances in psychological behaviors or physical characteristics but without any typical pathologic features.In this study, we discuss the relationship between TCMC and health status (health, SHS, anddisease).Methods: In total,24,159 adults (11796 men and 12,363 women) who underwent routine health checkups were recruited to the study.Their health status was measured according to the SHS Measurement Scale (SHMS;version 1.0) and health-check reports.TCMC was assessed by the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ).Multiple logistic regression was used to identifythe associations between TCMCand health status.Result: The healthy, SHS, and disease groups were made up of18.76% (4533/24,159),46.03% (11121/24,159), and 35.22% (8505/24,159) of respondents, respectively.The prevalence of SHS was higher than that of both health and disease.Multiple logistic regression showed that unbalanced TCMC was a risk factor for disease.The four top-rankingTCMCs wereqi-depression, qi-deficiency, phlegm-wetness and blood-stasis,(OR 39.148,19.651, 15.413, and 15.032, respectively), while the four top-ranking groups in SHSwereqi-depression, qi-deficiency, blood-stasis,phlegm-wetness (OR 20.746, 10.540, 7.492, and 7.359, respectively).The gentleness constitution was a protective factor bothforSHS and disease.Conclusion:The unbalancedTCMC is a risk factorfor SHS and disease, and the correlation between the TCMC and disease is more closer.The gentleness constitution is a protective factor both forSHS and disease.Adjusting the TCMCmay prevent SHS developing into overt disease.