This paper shows that merely the Malthusian mechanism cannot explain the pre-industrial stagnation of living standards.Technological improvement in luxury p
In the Belle (E)poque, Belgium recorded an unprecedented trade boom, but growth in output per capita was lackluster.We seek to reconcile this ostensible par
In this paper, we study Shanghai banking system in the 1930s from a social network approach.In order to model the banking network,we define any two banks as
Why did China and the West switch roles in the development of new technologies after 1600? Current explanations fail to make clear why innovation in the Wes
Using monthly data set on exchange rates of silver dollars versus silver taels, our paper examines how institutional reform and rapid growth in monetary and