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Chang-Sha,Zhu-zhou,Xiang-tan(Chang-Zhu-Tan Districts)will be the core three development areas within the Yangtze River economic extender theory of Prime Minister Mr.LI Ke-qiang.In order to comprehensively evaluate pollution levels of heavy metals in the surface sediments and their potential ecological risk in Chang-Zhu-Tan Districts,the concentration and distribution characteristics of 12 heavy metals(Ba,Sc,V,Cr,Mn,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,Th,U)were analyzed in 389 surface sediments samples from Xiang Jiang River(Chang-Zhu-Tan districts and Dong Ting Lake Plain).Heavy metal pollution in the sediments from those areas was analyzed and evaluated using geo-accumulation index(),potential ecological risk index(),and sediment quality guideline(),based on the effect range low()values/effect range median()values and threshold effect level()values/probable effect level()values.The results indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals in the sediments from Chang-Zhu-Tan districts and Dong Ting Lake Plain which had different variation trends,with the order of contamination level being Pb> Zn > Cu > Mn > Ni > V > Co > Cr > U > Th > Sc > Ba.According to the geo-accumulation index,there was potentially heavy metals pollution in Chang-Zhu-Tan Districts,and metal Pb,Zn,Cu,Mn arrives an extremely high degree of contamination,metals which included Zn and Pb strongly to moderately high degree of contamination,and metals which included V,Ni reached the degree of moderately to mild contamination.In Dong Ting Lake Plain,there only exists the moderate degree of contamination.The potential ecological risk index indicated that the degree of heavy metal pollution in the surface sediments from Chang-Zhu-Tan districts and Dong Ting Lake Plain which represented moderate ecological harm.The biological acute toxicity effect of heavy metals in the sediments of Xiang Jiang River was not obvious,based on different sets of Sediment Quality Guidelines(/and/).But the analysis results of sediments in Zhu-zhou which contained higher pollution than those of the other sites need to be paid more attentions of the potential toxic risk from Zhu-zhou tributaries.