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Ginsenoside Rgl, a four-ring steroid like structure with sugar moieties attached, is one of extremely attractive pharmaceutical in ginseng extracts.Pharmacological researches revealed that it can improve learning and memory potentially via modulating neurotransmission in the central nervous system, whereas the specific mechanism involved has not been elucidated yet.Our previous studies have indicated that ginsenoside Rb 1 could enhance glutamate release via PKA-dependent signaling pathway whereas Rgl could enhance glutamate release via PKA-independent signaling pathway.