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MoO3 submicrobelts with the radial direction of less than 500 nm were successfully synthesized with ammonium paramolybdate as molybdenum source and nitric acid as precipitant at 240 ℃ for 48 h with pH=3 using the hydrothermal method.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).XRD analysis shown that the phase of as-prepared samples was MoO3.SEM and TEM analysis confirmed that the slenderness ratio of MoO3 grows up with the increase of the reaction temperature.Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-VIS) results showed that MoO3 submicrobelts have the good optical absorption capacity.