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Multidrug resistance(MDR)is the primary cause of cancer chemotherapy failure.The main mechanisms of MDR are that MDR cancer cells have reduced uptake and increased efflux of chemotherapeutic agents.Based on them,several strategies are put forward to improve chemotherapy efficacy of MDR cancer as follows: 1.Bypass the cancer cell uptake inhibition of drug molecules by aid of nanosized drug delivery systems(Nano DDSs),which enter cancer cells via endocytosis; 2.Combination of chemotherapeutic agents and chemosensitizers inhibits and reduces cancer cell drug efflux; 3.Effectively kill cancer cells by virtue of photothermal effects of non-invasive near infrared radiation.