In China, great progress has commenced in anticancer drug research.New drugs and studies have been enhanced quantitatively and qualitatively.The China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) has received 37 applications of innovative antitumor drugs from domestic companies.The number of global multiple center trials in China has also increased.Despite these encouraging developments, we face several challenges.The CFDA has devoted efforts to improve this field.New measures have been implemented to promote transparent reviews and encourage innovations.The anticancer drug industry should also attempt to understand Chinese patients, including the disease targets in the prediction of PK from preclinical data, to create a development plan for pre-IND.