The wetland ecosystem is known to harbor abundant bacterial communities,which possess unique and multiple functions.Zhalong Wetland is famous for its reed swamps and large population of red-crowned cranes,as well as other features of its unique natural environment.Moreover,Zhalong Wetland contains more abundant bacterial communities than other wetlands due to its alkalescence surroundings.In this study,16S rRNA metagenomic analysis revealed a high diversity of actinobacteria in bulrush rhizospheres of Zhalong Wetland (Tsitsihar,China),which included 25 genera and 17 families within the class actinobacteria.Then a total of 27 actinobacterial strains were isolated and their biosynthetic gene clusters (NRPS,PKS-Ⅰ,PKS-Ⅱ) were detected.The results showed that all tested strains had at least one of said three biosynthetic gene clusters,further,the secondary metabilies produced by these strains showed antimicrobial activities against certain pathogens.Therein,ten metabilies exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity,and LC-MS analysis results indicated that they contained approximately 150 different molecular weights.PCA analysis revealed that two outlying molecular weights (802.4 and 1225.7 Da) derived from strains ZLSD-17 and ZLSD-24 were undefined.These results demonstrat that a comprehensive method via metagenome mining,phylogenetic analysis of biosynthetic genes,bioactive assay and metabolite profile analysis will be very effecient to discover novel compouds,and bulrush rhizospheres in Zhalong wetland habitats are a promising source of novel antimicrobial secondary metabolites.