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Aim Ethnopharmacological relevance: Ribes diacanthum Pall.(Saxifragaceae) , a Mongolian folk medicinal plant, was used to treat urinary system diseases.The present work aims to investigate the protective effects of Ribes diacanthum Pall (RDP) against cisplatininduced nephrotoxicity.Methods The renal injury was modeled by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin for 5 consecutive days (5 mg· kg1).Nephroprotection of RDP was investigated by oral administration of RDP aqueous extract at a daily dose of 40 mg · kg1 for 14 consecutive days,starting 7 days prior to cisplatin administration.Results We demonstrated that pretreatment with RDP aqueous extract protected the mice from death induced by cisplatin administration.RDP treatment also significantly reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) levels observed in cisplatinadministrated mice.Histopathological analysis demonstrated that RDP administration protected cisplatininduced renal tubular cell apoptosis.Further western blotting analysis revealed that RDP significantly reversed cisplatinincreased expression levels of cleavedCaspase3, Bax and cisplatindecreased expression level of Bcl2 in renal tissue.Finally, RDP markedly enhanced enzyme activities of reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD), Heme oxygenase 1 (HO1) and catalase(CAT), suppressed lipid peroxidation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.Conclusion We concluded that RDP displayed nephroprotective effects against cisplatininduced renal tubular cell apoptosis, possibly associated with both enhanced antioxidase activity and suppressed ROS generation.Given the major nephrotoxicity of cisplatin cancer chemotherapy, RDP might be a potential candidate for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.