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目的总结婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能检测中质量控制的措施。方法采用德国耶格公司生产的MasterScreen Paed型肺功能仪,进行婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能检测,主要指标有:达峰时间比(tPTEF/tE)、达峰容积比(VPTEF/VE)、潮气量(VT)、呼吸频率、吸呼比(Ti/Te)、呼出25%~75%潮气容积的呼气流速(TEF25~75)、呼气峰流速与TEP25比(PTEFas%TEP25)、潮气呼吸流速容量环(TBFV)等。结果共收集我院2007年6月至2010年12月检测婴幼儿潮气呼吸肺功能12653例。其中男7718例,女4935例;年龄最小1月,最大4岁。现将检测配合方法介绍如下:(1)检测前准备:仪器每天开机后用100mL定标筒应标化流量/容量,所测数值校正为体温与大气压、水蒸气饱和(BTPS)状态。并认真、仔细地做好患者的准备工作。(2)检测中配合:应正确摆放体位,保持呼吸道通畅,选择的面罩大小合适,按压力度轻重适宜,并严密观察患儿病情以及流速-容量曲线和TBFV环图形变化。(3)检测后处理:打印测试报告,向家长解释检测结果。安排患儿休息,嘱咐在患儿清醒前不要喂食,以免引起呛咳和窒息。加强交叉感染的预防控制措施,定期监测环境和设备的微生物浓度,强调患儿用过的面罩应一用一消毒不可多个患者共用。结论正确的检测方法及配合对于保证测试结果的客观性和高度准确性具有非常重要的临床意义。在检测过程中操作者应严格把关各个环节的质量控制(如检测前准备、检测中配合、检测后处理),从而为医生制定诊疗方案提供重要依据。因此,正确的检测方法及配合对于保证测试结果的客观性和高度准确性具有非常重要的临床意义。
Objective To summarize the quality control measures of pulmonary function test in infants and toddlers. Methods The MasterScreen Paed-type lung function meter manufactured by Germany’s Yeg company was used to detect the tidal respiratory function of infants and toddlers. The main indexes of tidal volume were (tPTEF / tE), peak volume ratio (VPTEF / VE), tidal volume (TEF25 ~ 75), peak expiratory flow rate (TEP25%) and TEP25% (TEP25), tidal respiratory flow rate (VT), respiratory rate, Capacity ring (TBFV) and so on. Results A total of 12 653 cases of tidal respiratory function in infants and young children were collected from June 2007 to December 2010 in our hospital. Including 7718 male and 4935 female cases; the youngest January, maximum 4 years old. Now with the detection methods are described below: (1) before the test preparation: The instrument is switched on every 100mL calibration tube should be standardized flow / capacity, measured values corrected for body temperature and atmospheric pressure, water vapor saturation (BTPS) state. And carefully, carefully prepared for the patient. (2) with the detection: the body should be properly placed to keep the airway open, select the appropriate size of the mask, appropriate intensity of pressing, and close observation of children with the disease and the flow rate - capacity curve and TBFV ring graphics changes. (3) Test post-processing: print a test report to explain the test results to parents. Children with arrangements for rest, asked not to feed children awake before, so as not to cause choking and suffocation. To strengthen the prevention and control of cross-infection, regular monitoring of the environment and equipment, microbial concentration, stressed that children should use a mask should be disinfected with a number of patients sharing. Conclusion Correct detection methods and coordination have very important clinical significance to ensure the objectivity and high accuracy of test results. In the testing process, operators should strictly control the quality control of all aspects (such as the preparation of the test, the test with the detection, post-processing), so as to provide an important basis for doctors to develop treatment programs. Therefore, the correct detection methods and coordination of the test results to ensure the objectivity and high accuracy has a very important clinical significance.