一引言改革开放30多年来,我国经济发展取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就,然而在保持经济高速增长的同时,我国城乡居民收入差距也在逐渐扩大。王少平、欧阳志刚(2008)的研究结果表明,我国城乡收入差距(泰尔指数)从1978年的0.091上升到2006年的0.180,城乡收入差距扩大近一倍。在我国经济向好的大背景下,居民收入差距不降反升,社会不公平的呼声开始涌现,“效率与公平”问题也引起了理论界和实务界的广泛关注,城乡收入差距与经济增长之间的关系也被重新审视,大量学者利用新的研究方法或者扩充研究样 I. INTRODUCTION Since the reform and opening up for more than 30 years, China’s economic development has made remarkable achievements that attract worldwide attention. However, while maintaining its rapid economic growth, the income gap between urban and rural residents in our country is gradually widening. Wang Shaoping and Ouyang Zhigang (2008) show that the income gap between urban and rural areas in China (Theil index) rose from 0.091 in 1978 to 0.180 in 2006, and the income gap between urban and rural areas nearly doubled. Under the background that our economy is getting better, the gap between the residents’ income and the society’s rising inequality, and the social inequity began to emerge. The issue of “efficiency and fairness” also aroused widespread concern in the theoretical and practical circles. The gap between urban and rural incomes and The relationship between economic growth has also been re-examined, a large number of scholars to use new research methods or to expand research samples