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本文提出了经济空间分异的定义,识别经济增长核心区的经验性标准和判断经济活动集聚的空间偏置度,从地市和县域两个层次上,对1990～2004年山东经济空间分异的型式和成因进行了研究。结果表明,在地市层次上,山东经济空间分异形成了由青岛—烟台—威海经济增长核心区、济南—淄博—东营经济增长核心区、鲁中南边缘区、鲁西北边缘区组成的多元核心—边缘结构。在县域层次上,则形成了沿海经济密集带、沿黄经济密集带两条经济密集带,以及鲁南增长极。这两条经济密集带构成了主导县域经济空间分异的斜“Ⅱ”形格局。鲁南增长极使这种格局发生了局部的改变。总体上,县域层次的经济活动密集区基本上与地市层次上的增长核心区相重合,但是各自的空间型式不同。政府作用、劳动力结构和基础条件对经济空间分异的影响趋于减小,产业结构和外向型经济的影响在不断增大。产业结构、投资、交通运输、人口结构,以及历史因素等是影响经济空间分异的主要因素。
This paper puts forward the definition of economic spatial differentiation, the empirical standard of identifying the core area of economic growth and the spatial bias of judging the agglomeration of economic activity. From the two levels of prefecture and county, The type and causes were studied. The results show that at the level of prefecture-level cities, the spatial differentiation of Shandong economy forms a multi-core consisting of the core areas of economic growth in Qingdao-Yantai-Weihai, the core areas of economic growth in Jinan-Zibo-Dongying, the central and southern margins of Shandong, - Edge structure. At the county level, there are two economically intensive belts along the coastal economy and two economically intensive belts along the Yellow River, and the growth pole of the Lunnan. These two economic-intensive belts constitute the diagonal “” pattern that dominates the spatial differentiation of the county economy. Lunan growth pole has caused some changes in this pattern. In general, the economically intensive areas at the county level basically coincide with the growth core areas at the prefecture-level level, but their spatial forms are different. The effect of the government, the labor force structure and the basic conditions on the spatial differentiation of the economy tends to decrease, and the influence of the industrial structure and the export-oriented economy is on the rise. Industrial structure, investment, transportation, population structure, and historical factors are the main factors affecting the spatial differentiation of economy.